Sunday, September 28, 2025

Decimosexto Domingo despues de Pentecostés

I first preached this sermon in Spanish; the English translation is below.

Lucas 16:19-31

Oremos…Que las palabras de mi boca y la meditación de nuestro corazón sean gratas ante ti, Señor, fortaleza y redentor nuestro. Amén.

Pensando esta semana, en lo que nos dice esta parábola, me encontré con una caricatura que muestra a un ángel sonriente con túnica y a un hombre de pie sobre las nubes, mirando un ascensor claramente marcado con "arriba hacia al cielo" y "abajo hacia al infierno" y el hombre dice: "De alguna manera pensé que sería algo diferente".i

La parábola comienza con un hombre rico, más rico de lo que nadie puede imaginar, vestido de púrpura y lino fino, que festeja con suntuosidad y extravagancia todos los días, no solo en Shabat o en días santos. En mi imaginación, me imagino a Midas, recordado en la mitología griega por su capacidad de convertir en oro todo lo que tocaba.

Y luego Jesús nos habla de un segundo hombre, un hombre pobre que fue colocado en la puerta del hombre rico, a la entrada de su propiedad. En otras traducciones, a este hombre se le llama limosnero. Dependía de la ayuda de sus vecinos y de la comunidad, pero nunca oímos que recibiera ayuda del rico ni de nadie más.

Lo único que se nos dice de él es que tiene llagas que los perros lamen, y se nos dice su nombre. Se llama Lázaro, del hebreo el azar, que significa "Dios ha ayudado".

Las interpretaciones populares de esta parábola suelen añadir detalles que no forman parte de la historia. No se dice nada sobre la pureza ritual ni sobre la impureza. No se dice nada sobre el comportamiento de ninguno de los dos hombres. No se dice nada sobre la piedad, la religiosidad, la fe, la creencia ni la rectitud de ninguno de los dos. Son simplemente dos hombres: uno rico y bien alimentado, el otro pobre y hambriento.

Sin embargo, sabemos por las Escrituras que para los judíos observantes de la Torá, y para los cristianos en general, el mandato bíblico de cuidar a los pobres es claro.

• En Deuteronomio capitulo quince se instruye al pueblo: “Abre tu mano al pobre y al necesitado de tu tierra”. ii

• En la literatura sapiencial, Proverbios dice: “Quienes desprecian a su prójimo son pecadores, pero felices son los que son bondadosos con los pobres”. iii y “2 El rico y el pobre tienen esto en común: el Señor es el creador de todos ”. iv

• Y los profetas también aportan su granito de arena: Isaías le dice al pueblo: “Comparte tu pan con el hambriento y lleva a tu casa a los pobres sin hogar”. v Y Zacarías nos instruye: “Muestren bondad y misericordia los unos con los otros; 10 no opriman a la viuda, al huérfano, al extranjero ni al pobre”. vi

Al escuchar esta parábola, nos preguntamos: ¿Por qué el hombre rico ignoraría a Lázaro? Quizás se sentía impotente para ayudar o temía que se aprovecharan de él. Sin embargo, al reconocer nuestra condición humana, parece probable que nunca viera a Lázaro como su responsabilidad; o no le importaba lo que le sucediera o estaba ciego al sufrimiento que tenía frente a él, y ni siquiera vio al pobre.

Nuestro desconcierto dura poco.

En los versículos siguientes se nos dice que cada hombre muere y llega a habitar el Hades, que se traduce literalmente como el "lugar que no se ve". Irónicamente, Lázaro, quien no fue visto en vida,   es visto alli.

Hades, infierno, Seol o Gehenna se usan en las Escrituras para describir el lugar de los muertos. Las descripciones que tenemos no son literales ni geográficas, y nuestra comprensión del cielo y el infierno ha cambiado a lo largo del tiempo.

Los antiguos israelitas creían en un mundo de tres niveles donde el cielo estaba arriba y los muertos iban a un inframundo moralmente neutral abajo. No fue hasta el siglo IV (cuarto) que los judíos adoptaron la visión helenística del cielo como lugar para los salvos y el infierno como lugar para los condenados. Muchas de las imágenes familiares y gráficas del infierno que hoy reconocemos se originaron en el poema épico del siglo decimocuarto de Dante, la Divina Comedia, y en las pinturas del Juicio Final de los siglos decimoquinto y decimosexto, y estas imágenes persisten en la cultura popular actual.

Esta parábola describe un lugar completamente diferente “donde los salvos y los condenados podían verse”.viii

Cuando el hombre rico clama, es evidente que lo único que ha cambiado es su ubicación. Su forma de pensar es la misma que tenia en vida.

Aunque ahora ve a Lázaro, e incluso sabe su nombre, sigue diferenciando como un “otro” a Lázaro, hablando sobre él, en lugar de hablarle directamente. El hombre rico primero le pide a Abraham que envíe a Lázaro a traerle agua. Y cuando eso falla, le pide que envíe a Lázaro a sus cinco hermanos para que se les evite el tormento que él está experimentando. Permanece ciego a la verdad de que él y Lázaro son ambos hijos de Abraham, hermanos ante los ojos de Dios.

Incluso cuando Abraham le dice al hombre rico que hay un abismo que puede ser cruzado, no ve su propia complicidad en su destino. Su propia ignorancia y falta de compasión excavaron ese abismo; es el mismo abismo que usó en vida para separarse de los pobres y los que sufrían. Es tan profundo como sus miedos y desprecio, su egoísmo y desprecio. Ahora, como escribe la teóloga Amy-Jill Levine, "pasará la eternidad viendo lo que no puede tener".x

— una plenitud que solo es posible en la vida con Dios, como parte del reino.

Esta parábola nos recuerda que “Dios no se rige por nuestras reglas”. xi Cuando nos encontremos con el reino de Dios, será diferente de lo que imaginamos, así como Dios está más allá de nuestro conocimiento y comprensión actual. Lo que sabemos en este momento, y lo que nos enseñan la ley y los profetas, es que tenemos la responsabilidad de derramar la misericordia y la compasión de Dios aquí y ahora.

Oremos…

Dios del cielo y de la tierra,
Gracias por tu misericordia y gracia que nos hace tus hijos y herederos de tu reino.
Enséñanos a ver a las personas con tus ojos y a amarlas como tú las amas.
Haznos compasivos y generosos al salir al mundo a compartir la Buenas Nuevas de tu abundante amor.
Oramos en el nombre de Jesús, nuestro Señor y Salvador.
Amén.

i Werner Wejp-Olsen. https://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/o/otis.asp, accessed 9/28/2019.
ii Deuteronomy 15:11
iii Proverbs 14:21
iv Proverbs 22:1-2
v Isaiah 58:7
vi Zechariah 7:9-10
vii https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_cosmology, accessed 9/26/2019.
viii Amy-Jill Levine. Short Stories by Jesus. 286.
vix Levine, 288.
x Levine. 289.
xi Levine, 300.

Luke 16:19-31

Thinking this week about what this parable says to us, I came across a cartoon that shows a smiling robed angel and a man standing on clouds, looking at an elevator clearly marked “up for heaven “and “down for hell” and the man is saying, “Somehow I thought it would be somewhat different.”[i]

The parable begins with a rich man who is richer than anyone can imagine, clothed in “purple and fine linen” and feasting sumptuously or extravagantly every day, not just at Shabbat or on high holy days. In my imagination, I picture Midas who is remembered in Greek mythology for his ability to turn everything he touched into gold.

And then Jesus tells us about a second man, a poor man who was laid at the gate of the rich man, at the entrance to his property. In other translations, this man is called a beggar. He was dependent on help from neighbors and community, but we never hear that he received any help from the rich man or anyone else.

All we are told about him is that he has sores that the dogs lick, and we are told his name. He is named Lazarus from the Hebrew el azar which means “God has helped.”

Popular interpretations of this parable often add things that aren’t part of the story. Nothing is said about ritual purity and uncleanliness. Nothing is said about either man’s demeanor. Nothing is said about either man’s piety or religiosity, faith or belief, or righteousness. They’re just two men, one rich and well-fed, one poor and hungry.

However, we know from Scripture that for Torah-observant Jews, and for Christians for that matter, the biblical mandate to care for the poor is clear.

·    In Deuteronomy 15 the people are instructed, “"Open your hand to the poor and needy neighbor in your land."[ii]

·    In wisdom literature, Proverbs says, “Those who despise their neighbors are sinners, but happy are those who are kind to the poor.[iii] and “2 The rich and the poor have this in common: the LORD is the maker of them all.”[iv]

·    And the prophets add their two cents, too: Isaiah tells the people, “share your bread with the hungry, and bring the homeless poor into your house;[v] and Zechariah instructs us, “show kindness and mercy to one another; 10 do not oppress the widow, the orphan, the alien, or the poor;”[vi]

Hearing this parable, we wonder, Why would the rich man ignore Lazarus? Maybe he felt powerless to help, or anxious that he would be taken advantage of. Recognizing our human condition though, it seems as likely that he never saw Lazarus as his responsibility; he either didn’t care what happened to the man or he was blind to the suffering right in front of him, and never even saw the poor man.

Our bewilderment is short-lived.

In the verses that follow we’re told each man dies and come to inhabit Hades, which translates literally as the “unseen place.” Ironically, Lazarus, who was not seen in life, is seen there.

Hades, hell, Sheol or Gehenna are all used in Scripture to describe the place of the dead. The descriptions we have aren’t literal or geographical and our understanding of heaven and hell has changed throughout time. Ancient Israelites believed in a three-tiered world where heaven was above and the dead went to a morally neutral underworld below. It wasn’t until the fourth century that Jews adopted the Hellenistic view of heaven as a place for the saved and hell as a place for the damned.[vii] Many of the familiar and graphic images of hell we might recognize today originated with Dante’s fourteenth century epic poem Divine Comedy and 15th and 16th century paintings of the Last Judgment and these images persist in popular culture today.

This parable describes a completely different place “where the saved and the damned could see each other.”[viii]

When the rich man cries out, it’s clear that the only thing that has changed is his location. His way of thinking is the same as it was in life. While he now sees Lazarus, and even knows his name, he still “others” him, speaking about him, instead of speaking directly to him. The rich man first asks Abraham to send Lazarus to bring him water. And when that fails, he asks him to send Lazarus to his five brothers so that they might be spared the torment that he’s experiencing. He remains blind to the truth that he and Lazarus are both children of Abraham, brothers in God’s sight. [ix]

Even when Abraham tells the rich man there is a chasm that cannot be bridged, he fails to see his own complicity in his fate. His own ignorance and lack of compassion carved out that chasm; it is the same chasm he used in life to separate himself from the poor and the suffering. It is as deep as his fears and disdain, his selfishness and contempt. Now, as theologian Amy-Jill Levine writes, “he will spend eternity seeing what he cannot have”[x] — a wholeness that is only possible in life with God, as part of the kingdom.

This parable reminds us that “God does not play by our rules.”[xi] When we encounter God’s kingdom, it’s going to be different than we imagine, just as God is beyond our knowledge and understanding now. What we know, right now, and what we are taught in the law and by the prophets, is that we have the responsibility to pour out God’s mercy and compassion here and now.

Let us pray…

God of heaven and earth,

Thank you for your mercy and grace that make us Your children and heirs to Your kingdom.

Teach us to see people through Your eyes and to love them as You love them.

Make us compassionate and generous as we go out into the world to share the Good News of your abundant love.

We pray in the name of Jesus, our Lord and Savior.

Amen.


[i] Werner Wejp-Olsen. https://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/o/otis.asp, accessed 9/28/2019.

[ii] Deuteronomy 15:11

[iii] Proverbs 14:21

[iv] Proverbs 22:1-2

[v] Isaiah 58:7

[vi] Zechariah 7:9-10

[vii] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_cosmology, accessed 9/26/2019.

[viii] Amy-Jill Levine. Short Stories by Jesus. 286.

[ix] Levine, 288.

[x] Levine. 289.

[xi] Levine, 300.


Wednesday, September 24, 2025

"Becoming the Beloved" Midweek Reflection (Week 2)

1 John 4:7-21

Matthew 5:43-48

Henri Nouwen’s Life of the Beloved begins by urging us to accept, or receive, the proclamation that each of us is God’s Beloved.

Next, Nouwen describes the difference between “being the beloved” and “becoming” the beloved.

The latter looks a lot like the incarnation. “In the incarnation, life, ministry, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, God reconciles the world to God’s own self, and in doing so reconciles us to one another.”[i]

This “Becoming” is what happens when we so fully live into our identity that our Beloved-ness is visible and tangible in the ways we eat and drink, talk and love, play and work. (47)

It is what happens when we embody God’s love in our words and actions, in the everyday activities of our lives.

And it is a process.

I think when we are children, we imagine that life will be a linear journey. Maybe there will be some ups and downs, but generally it will be steady forward movement.

And then we discover that life is far less predictable than that. Life can be topsy-turvy and chaotic. Sometimes, it proceeds at a rapid pace, and other times, we get stopped in our tracks and it feels like everything has come to a grinding halt.

As followers of Jesus, we never journey alone, but with God accompanying us and loving us every day. Part of “becoming the beloved’ is recognizing God’s presence with us.

Nouwen urges us to notice the ways that the Holy Spirit is active in our lives, instead of merely going through the motions, or falling into patterns of busy-ness, boredom or listlessness that lack meaning or depth.

In the weeks ahead, we’ll talk about the four words that Nouwen uses to describe the movement of the Spirit among us: taken, blessed, broken and given – words that echo the meal that we share when we gather at the Lord’s Table, and again invite us into relationship with our Incarnate God.

Amen.


[i] Rachel Wangen Hoch. “Incarnation and the Holy Innocents.” Journal of Lutheran Ethics. December 2010 (Volume 10 Issue 12). https://learn.elca.org/jle/incarnation-and-the-holy-innocents/, accessed 9/23/25.

 

Sunday, September 21, 2025

Fifteenth Sunday after Pentecost

Luke 16:1-13

Sometimes, when we listen to Jesus teach in parables we hear a clear command:
“Go and do likewise.”

Today isn’t one of those times. While the parable we hear in Luke’s gospel leaves us with a lot of questions, I can confidently say that Jesus doesn’t want us to loan money and charge outrageous interest, steal from our employers, or manipulate others so that they will be indebted to us.

So, we’re left with confusion about why Jesus tells us this parable at all.

The best explanation I have heard is one offered by Julian DeShazier (Dee-Shah-Zee-Ay), a pastor and faculty member at McCormick Theological Seminary in Chicago. He thinks that “[Jesus] is talking to two different audiences.”[i]

This conversation follows his telling of the parable of the lost things that we heard last week and the parable of the prodigal son.

Jesus is talking to his disciples, but we know they are also surrounded by all these other people who Luke tells us are tax collectors, sinners, Pharisees and scribes. (15:1-2) So “Jesus talks to the crowd, pauses, talks to his disciples, and then talks to the crowd again.”[ii]

A few weeks ago, when my daughter got married in Boston, the ceremony was in the Boston Public Garden. There were about thirty of us at the wedding, but it was a large public park so there were also a number of people on the periphery of where the ceremony took place. People we didn’t know. But they could hear and see everything that was happening.

That’s seems to be what’s happening here. Jesus has two audiences.

This parable isn’t about imparting a life lesson or teaching good behavior.

Instead, I think Jesus tells the people in the crowd who have made dishonest gains or treated others unfairly to change their behavior and redeem themselves.

I think he is challenging all of his followers to see the abundant gifts God has entrusted us with and ask how we can be good stewards.

What does it look like for us to be found trustworthy with what we have been given?

We shouldn’t underestimate the wealth we’ve been given.

The true riches we have are

our very lives, lived in response to God’s love.

We have boundless grace from God and forgiveness for our sin.

We have an inheritance with Jesus as children of God.

And, we are entrusted with the Good News of God’s love and empowered by the Holy Spirit to share that Good News with others.

That is wealth that cannot be measured in dollars and cents.

But we, especially here at Grace Lutheran Church,
are also stewards of wealth that can be measured in dollars and cents.

This week I sat in with board members from the Grace Foundation as they evaluated funding requests and made decisions about the grants to distribute later this year. There is more than $120,000 available for grants and scholarships because the foundation has been a good steward of what they’ve been given.

And recently, Deacon Kimberly has been in meetings with social ministry as they make budget recommendations for next year, deciding which ministry partnerships to continue and where investment is needed most. This year, they gave nearly $60,000 in support for our neighbors, including helping address housing and food insecurity, and care for our children and vulnerable neighbors.

Individually, in the stewardship mailing that may have already arrived in your mailbox, and that Jen Heilemann from the stewardship team described in this morning’s ministry moment, each of us here is also being asked, “How will you respond to God’s abundance?”

One aspect of your stewardship is financial giving. As a former fundraiser, I am not going to shy away from asking you to invest financially in Grace’s ministry and mission for the coming year. Not as something you “have to do” but as something you “get to do.” In our partnership together, you have an opportunity to see God’s love in action through our work as the Church and experience the joy of seeing God’s love transform our world.

Another aspect of your stewardship is your relationship with God, so we ask how you will respond to the invitation to grow deeper spiritually. Maybe you will take time to be quiet and study or read, listening for God’s voice, or to get loud and sing, celebrating all God has given us.

And thirdly, we invite you to reflect on your service in the congregation and community. What does love in action look like for you?

One of the joys I have where I sit is getting to see all the people from Grace who are involved in the community apart from Grace’s initiatives. Independently from Servant Saturday, food drives and the other opportunities we provide, many of you are connected to our ministry partners because you have responded to their needs with your time, skills and knowledge. In the many ways that you are God’s hands and feet in the world, you are being stewards of all that God has given you.

We are all stewards of what we have been given in abundance by God, and God calls us to be faithful and trustworthy in matters large and small.

May it be so in our community.

Amen.


[i] Julian DeShazier . “Living by the Word”, Christian Century, August 27, 2019.

[ii] ibid

Wednesday, September 17, 2025

"Being the Beloved" Midweek Reflection (Week 1)

Henri Nouwen’s Life of the Beloved began as a letter to a dear friend. He had met a man named Fred Bratman years earlier when Nouwen was teaching at Columbia University, and they had many conversations about spiritual and secular life. Bratman, a secular Jew living in New York City later asked Nouwen to write for him and his friends, an audience unfamiliar with the language and traditions of the Church and Christianity. He told Nouwen, “You have something to say, but you keep saying it to the people who least need to hear it.” (21)

Over the next seven weeks, I’m going to reflect on Nouwen’s book and what difference it makes that God calls each of us “God’s beloved”, and we are called to live a life based on that fact. 

Nouwen begins as we did last Wednesday with God’s words to Jesus at his baptism:

“You are my Son, the Beloved; my favor rests on you.” (Mt. 3:16-17, Mark 1:10-11, Luke 3: 21-22)

To each one of us, God says, “You are the Beloved.”

And, I wonder, what images come to your mind when you hear the word “loved” or “beloved”?

God chooses each one of us and loves each one of us with the same heart with which God loves Jesus. (Abiding Together podcast)

In our lives, sometimes we have other voices that tell us a different message; the message that says you are “no good”, “a failure”, “worthless”, “ugly” or “a nobody”, and those negative voices can be so loud or persistent that they are easy to believe.

But God’s voice is louder still.

This reminds me of Martin Luther who, as the story goes, would face temptation by saying, ‘I have been baptized, I am a Christian.”  (Works of Martin Luther (WAT) Volume 6. no.6830; 217, 26f.)

We need to listen for God’s voice calling us the Beloved.

We need to remember that God speaks truth, and, as Pope John Paul II said, “We are not the sum of what we’ve done but of the Father’s love for us.” (Apostolic Letter to the Elderly (October 1, 1999))

And we need to remember, as Deacon Kimberly reminded us on Sunday, and we heard again in tonight’s reading from Romans, that nothing separates us from the love of God.

Listening for God’s voice is a central practice of our faith and spirituality. This is the work of prayer, not only talking to God, but leaving space for silence and active listening for what God says and how God responds. It is easy to listen to loud and intrusive voices, to streaming media and news, and even to friends and family, but listening to God’s voice “with great attentiveness” is different.

As we continue with worship and go about our daily lives through the coming week, I invite you to stop each day and take time to listen to God who calls you the beloved. Amen.