Epiphany 7C

Lucas 6:17-38

I first preached this sermon in Spanish; the English translation is below.

Oremos…

Que las palabras de mi boca y las meditaciones de nuestro corazón sean aceptables delante de ti, Señor, fortaleza nuestra y redentor nuestro. Amén.

Nuestro Evangelio de esta semana es parte del Sermón en la Llanura de Lucas, un texto que es paralelo al Sermón del Montede Mateo. En ambos evangelios, Jesús está enseñando a una multitud, incluidos sus discípulos.

El Sermón del Monte de Mateo incluye un conjunto de bienaventuranzas, pero en Lucas, las palabras de Jesús son un poco diferentes. Las bienaventuranzas comenzaron en el evangelio de la semana pasada con las conocidas palabras: “Bienaventurados los”. Pero Jesús no se detuvo cuando nombró a los bienaventurados: los pobres, los hambrientos, los que lloran y los que son odiados; Jesús continuó enseñando y dijo: “¡Ay de aquellos que son ricos” que están bien alimentados, los que ríen y de los que se habla bien de ellos.

No estaba amenazando ni maldiciendo a nadie. Pero Jesús estaba advirtiendo a la gente que nosotros elegimos dónde depositar nuestra confianza y cómo medir nuestro valor, y Dios es firme donde las cosas de este mundo pueden fallar o incluso traicionarnos. [i]

Y ese tema de elegir cómo vivir en el mundo continúa esta semana. El mundo nos diría que seamos defensivos, que estemos listos para “dar como recibimos” y que contraataquemos a quienes nos atacan.

Pero Jesús nos dice que elijamos de manera diferente.

Dos veces en esta lectura del evangelio nos dice: “Amen a sus enemigos”. Es una enseñanza difícil.

Primero, mientras que más adelante en el evangelio de Lucas, un experto religioso le pregunta a Jesús: “¿Quién es mi prójimo?” (10:29), nunca escuchamos la pregunta: “¿Quién es mi enemigo?”.

Nuestra teología luterana que nos enseña que somos tanto santos como pecadores no hace que esta pregunta sea más fácil. Debido a que somos pecadores por naturaleza y recibimos justicia de Dios, ¿quiénes somos nosotros para señalar a otra persona, creada y amada por Dios, y decir que son malvados y no puede ser redimidos? El mal es un poder en el mundo que infecta a los humanos y nos aleja de Dios, pero cada persona sigue siendo de Dios.

Tal vez, en el antiguo Israel, donde las ciudades se construían con murallas para rechazar a los invasores y los soldados romanos ocupaban las mismas calles que los pordioseros, era más obvio quién era el enemigo.

Y tal vez, viviendo aquí en los Estados Unidos, donde hemos estado más aislados de la guerra y la violencia, y donde hemos podido confiar en la democracia para mantener el buen orden, no es tan claro.

Cuando pienso en quiénes son mis enemigos, no creo que haya grupos o individuos que quieran hacerme daño o matarme personalmente.

Hay personas y grupos que están enojados con nuestro país y nuestro gobierno y otros que no estarían de acuerdo con que yo soy pastora porque soy mujer. Y ciertamente hay amenazas y fuerzas que debilitarían o dañarían e incluso derribarían o destruirían no solo ideas, sino personas, que son importantes para mí.

Y puedo imaginar un momento en el que, como una mamá osa que protege a su cachorro, los vería como enemigos.

Pero incluso si puedo nombrar quién es mi enemigo, entonces debo escuchar a Jesús, no una sino dos veces, exhortarme: “Ama a tu enemigo”. Y mientras habla sobre cómo se ve este amor y lo difícil que será, dice:

“Sean misericordiosos como su Padre es misericordioso.

El tema a lo largo del Sermón de la Llanura es el de revelar quién es Dios para que el pueblo de Dios pueda saber quiénes somos nosotros. Encontramos nuestra identidad en Dios, quien es misericordioso, generoso y amoroso. Y depositamos nuestra confianza en el mismo Dios.

Es una enseñanza difícil, en parte, porque tenemos que ceder el control. No podemos arrebatarle el juicio a Dios. Recordamos a Jonás, que no quería ir a Nínive porque sabía que Dios sería misericordioso con la gente de allí. Amar a nuestros enemigos requiere que creamos que el amor de Dios puede cambiar corazones y mentes.

Amar a nuestros enemigos requiere confiar en que Dios es más fuerte y más poderoso que el mal, incluso en ausencia de evidencia.

No somos nosotros los que ocupamos el tribunal, sino Dios. Amar a nuestros enemigos requiere que admitamos que no podemos saber cuál será el juicio de Dios, y que creamos que Dios, que ama la misericordia y la justicia y defiende a las viudas, los huérfanos y los extranjeros, actuará conforme a la propia Palabra de Dios y cumplirá las promesas que nos hizo.

Amar a nuestros enemigos requiere que creamos que Dios es Dios y que nosotros no lo somos.

Y es nuestro propio pecado el que nos dice lo contrario y nos insta a estar dispuestos a “dar lo que recibimos”.

Las instrucciones de Jesús no son un llamado a aceptar pasivamente el abuso o ignorar las malas acciones, sino un llamado a confiar en Dios y a encontrar dirección y guía en el carácter de Dios, confiando en que Dios está con nosotros tanto en las cimas de las montañas como en las llanuras de la vida.

Oremos…

Dios bueno y bondadoso,

Gracias por tu misericordia para todos nosotros, pecadores.

Que siempre te busquemos,

confiando en ti para nuestra seguridad y salvación.

Que tu Espíritu nos fortalezca y nos haga misericordiosos como Tú eres misericordioso.

Oramos en el nombre de Jesús.

Amén.

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[i] Mary Hinkle Shore. Working Preacher Commentary on Luke 6:17-26. Luther Seminary. https://www.workingpreacher.org/commentaries/revised-common-lectionary/sixth-sunday-after-epiphany-3/commentary-on-luke-617-26-3

Luke 6:17-38

Our Gospel this week is part of Luke’s Sermon on the Plain, a text that parallels Matthew’s Sermon on the Mount. In both gospels, Jesus is teaching to a crowd, including his disciples.

Matthew’s Sermon on the Mount includes one set of beatitudes, but in Luke, Jesus’ words are slightly different. The beatitudes began in last week’s gospel with the familiar words, “Blessed are those”. But Jesus didn’t stop when he named those who are blessed – the poor, the hungry, those who weep and those who are hated; Jesus continued teaching and said, “Woe to those” who are rich, well-fed, those who laugh and those who are spoken well of.

He wasn’t threatening or cursing anyone. But he was warning people that we choose where to place our trust and how to measure our worth, and God is steadfast where things of this world may fail or even betray us.[i]

And that theme of choosing how to live in the world continues this week. The world would tell us to be defensive, to be ready to “give as good as we get”, and to strike back against those who strike us.

But Jesus tells us to choose differently.

Twice in this gospel reading he tells us, “Love your enemies”. It’s difficult teaching.

First, while later in Luke’s gospel, a religious expert asks Jesus, “Who is my neighbor?” (10:29) we never hear the question, “Who is my enemy?”

Our Lutheran theology that teaches us we are both saint and sinner doesn’t make this question any easier. Because we are both sinful by nature and receive righteousness from God, who are we to point to another person, created and loved by God, and say they are evil and cannot be redeemed? Evil is a power in the world that infects humans and draws us away from God, but each person is still God’s.

Perhaps, in ancient Israel, where cities were built with walls to repel invaders, and Roman soldiers occupied the same streets as beggars, it was more obvious who the enemy was.

And perhaps, living here in the United States, where we have been more insulated from war and violence, and where we have been able to rely on democracy to maintain good order, it is not as clear.

When I consider who my enemies are, I don’t think there are groups or individuals who want to hurt or kill me personally. There are people and groups who are angry with our country and government and others who would not agree with me being a pastor because I am a woman. And there are certainly threats and forces that would weaken or harm and even tear down or destroy not only ideas, but people, that are important to me.

And I can imagine a point when, like a mama bear protecting her cub, I would see them as enemies.

But even if I can name who my enemy is, then I must hear Jesus, not once but twice, urge me, “Love your enemy.” And as he talks about what this love looks like, and how difficult it will be, he says,

“Be merciful even as your Father is merciful. (6:36)

The theme throughout the Sermon on the Plain is one of revealing who God is so that God’s people can know who we are. We find our identity in God, who is merciful, generous and loving. And we place our trust in the same God.

It’s difficult teaching, in part, because we have to cede control. We cannot wrest the judgment back from God. We remember Jonah who did not want to go to Nineveh because he knew God would be merciful to the people there. Loving our enemies requires us to believe that God’s love can change hearts and minds.

Loving our enemies requires trusting that God is stronger and more powerful than evil, even in the absence of evidence. We do not occupy the judgment seat; God does. Loving our enemies requires us to admit that we cannot know what God’s judgment will be, and to believe that God, who loves mercy and justice and defends the widows, orphans and strangers, will act according to God’s own Word and fulfill God’s own promises to us. Loving our enemies requires us to believe that God is God, and we are not.

And it is our own sin that argues otherwise and urges us to be ready to “give as good as we get.”

Jesus’ instructions aren’t a call to passively take abuse or ignore wrongdoing, but they are a call to trust God and find direction and guidance in the character of God, trusting that God is with us on both the mountaintops and on the plains of life.

Let us pray…

Good and gracious God,

Thank you for your mercy for all of us sinners.

May we always seek you,

trusting in you for our security and salvation.

May your Spirit strengthen us and make us merciful as You are merciful.

We pray in Jesus’ name.

Amen.

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[i] Mary Hinkle Shore. Working Preacher Commentary on Luke 6:17-26. Luther Seminary. https://www.workingpreacher.org/commentaries/revised-common-lectionary/sixth-sunday-after-epiphany-3/commentary-on-luke-617-26-3

Epiphany 6C

Jeremiah 17:5-10

Jeremiah, whose words we heard in our first reading, was a priest of the tribe of Benjamin, from a walled town a few miles northeast of Jerusalem.

After the fall of the northern Kingdom of Israel to Assyria in 721,

Judah, the southern Kingdom, was squeezed between Egypt to the south and Assyria to the north. They were afraid, assaulted by enemies closing in all around them.

As a prophet, Jeremiah was active from the 13th year of King Josiah of Judah around 626 BCE, through the rule of Jehoiakim and Zedekiah.

King Josiah has been called Judah’s last pious King.

During his reign, Judah stopped paying homage to Assyria,

and sought to reestablish the empire of David and Solomon that had crumbled centuries earlier,

launching religious reforms that reaffirmed the covenant of Moses

and centralized worship of Yahweh in Jerusalem.

But those reforms died with King Josiah in 609 BCE.

When we hear Jeremiah’s words here, rebellions against Babylon by the subsequent kings have failed and the armies of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, are advancing on Jerusalem.

Jeremiah continues to urge Israelites to return to faithful obedience to the covenant they have with God, and in these verses, we hear the prophet’s description of what disobedience will look like and the contrasting vision of what obedience will look like.

As we hear elsewhere in Proverbs and in today’s psalm, Jeremiah presents a clear choice to be made by humans,

a fork in the road,

where we can choose to draw near to God

or turn away from God.

Importantly, the choice does not change how God responds.

God refuses to turn away from us and continues to offer God’s people new opportunities to choose to live in relationship with the One who created and loves us.

But there are consequences for turning away from what God offers, and we hear those described here. Jeremiah describes those who trust in mortals, instead of God, as parched shrubs in the arid desert, and the psalmist describes them as chaff that is blown away in the wind.

In contrast, Jeremiah describes those who trust in the Lord as trees planted by water, fortified against heat and drought, flourishing and bearing fruit, an image that echoes the psalm.

The descriptions of trees planted by streams of water, full of green leaves and fruit, recall the first garden - Eden - in Genesis and invite us to remember that in the beginning, God gave life to creation, and God continues to nurture us for life in community.

Of course, then, as now, humans choose to turn away from God.

While I expect most of us easily hear the Law in Jeremiah’s words where there is a clear choice between trusting in ourselves or others or trusting in the Lord, I hope we also hear the Gospel. While the Law convicts us of our sin and shows us where we fall short of God’s commands, the Gospel is what tells us about God’s actions for us.

There is a promise here that even in the desert, relief will come, and life, although it may be difficult, will continue in the places that appear forsaken.  

And before anyone thinks that Jeremiah is promising a carefree life for those who trust God, he tells us that even when we draw near to God,

there will be times of scorching heat and drought –

times of challenge and even disaster.

The point isn’t that faithful people will be worry-free. The point is that God will be faithful. As one writer put it,

We as Christians are like trees, watered at baptism and not branches broken off from the main trunk, which is the cross of Christ.[i]

As both the psalm and this passage in Jeremiah continue, we are reminded that judgment is not ours but God’s (Psalm 1:6 and Jeremiah 17:9-10). The Lord will search the minds and hearts of God’s people, and the Lord knows the difference between the righteous and the wicked.

That’s important for all of us who get distracted by the human sinfulness we witness around us, who experience the temptation to look first at others, and not ourselves. “If I believe that God loves me [so much that I am forgiven and saved by grace through faith], then I have to believe that God loves everyone else like that [too].”[ii]

It's God’s promises, known in God’s Word and actions for us, that sustain us each and every day.

Let us pray…

Holy God,

You created the world and all that live in it.
You called us to trust you, and to put down our roots
alongside the life-giving stream of your Word. 
Help us follow Your Son Jesus faithfully,
and share the fruit of Your abundant mercy and love in the world.
We pray in Jesus’ name. Amen.

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[i] Sundays and Seasons, Day Resources

[ii] The Rev. Dr. Justin Nickel, Advanced Lay Ministry Intensive

Epiphany 5C

I preached this sermon in the Spanish service; the English translation is below.

Lucas 5:1-11

Oremos ...

Que las palabras de mi boca y las meditaciones de nuestros corazones sean aceptables a tu vista, Señor, nuestra fuerza y nuestro Redentor. Amén.

Tal vez es porque el fin de semana pasado me senté con estudiantes que aprenden teología luterana;

O tal vez es porque he estado enseñando sobre los salmos y las preguntas sobre la "teología de la cruz" de Lutero, la abundancia de la misericordia de Dios y nuestra respuesta han estado en mi mente,

Pero esta vez cuando leo nuestro texto del evangelio,

La confesión de Simón fue lo que me llamó la atención.

¡Apártate de mí, Señor, porque soy hombre pecador!” (v. 8)

Esta no fue la primera vez que Simón conoció a Jesús. Anteriormente, Jesús había estado en su casa y sanó a su suegra. (Lucas 4). Pero este encuentro es diferente.

Jesús se une a Simón en su barco y enseña a las multitudes que permanecen en la orilla del lago, pero luego se dirige directamente a Simón. Él le dice que baje sus redes.

Escuchamos el cansancio y la resistencia en la respuesta del pescador. Ha estado pescando toda la noche sin éxito. Pero Simón conoce a Jesús, lo llama "Maestro" y confía en él, por lo que sigue sus instrucciones.

Y rápidamente sus redes están casi llenas hasta el punto de romperse, por lo que Simón llama a Santiago y Juan, sus compañeros, para que lo ayuden, y ambos barcos comienzan a hundirse por el peso de la captura.

Y Simón reacciona de inmediato, con miedo y asombro.

Con adoración.

Y con confesión.

¿Por qué Simón reacciona ahora?

Creo que a veces podemos presenciar algo y reconocer su importancia de inmediato.

Pero, a veces, nos lleva un poco más tiempo. Y, a menudo, necesitamos escuchar o ver algo varias veces de varias maneras antes de entenderlo por completo.

Simón ha sido testigo del poder de Jesús antes, pero aquí no es algo que le pasa a otra persona. Aquí Jesús está transformando la propia vida de Simón.

El asombro se apodera de los pescadores. Anteriormente en Lucas, escuchamos a los espectadores que vieron a Jesús realizar milagros preguntarse: "¿Qué tipo de palabra es esta, que con autoridad y poder ordena a los espíritus inmundos, y salen?" (4:36) Y luego preguntarán: "¿Quién es este, que él ordena incluso los vientos y el agua, y le obedecen?" (8:25) Seguramente aquí se preguntaban: "¿Qué clase de Señor es este que puede ordenar a los peces del mar y a las criaturas de las profundidades?"

Y luego, Lucas dice que Simón se arrodillo. Arrodillarse o postrarse ante Dios tiene raíces antiguas. Cuando nos arrodillamos, honramos a quien esta delante de nosotros. Es una postura de humildad y sumisión, y, en la adoración, de confesión y arrepentimiento.

Y luego escuchamos las palabras de Simón: su confesión de pecaminosidad:

¡Apártate de mí, Señor, porque soy hombre pecador!” (v. 8)

No sabemos qué respuesta esperaba, pero probablemente no fue la que Jesús ofreció.

Jesús no condena a Simón. No lo manda lejos de su presencia. Y Jesús no se va.

Tal como Simón conoce a Jesús,

Jesús conoce a Simón.

Nada le ha escondido. Y él responde al hombre pecaminoso, diciendo:

"No temas; desde ahora serás pescador de hombres.” (5:10)

Jesús conoce la pecaminosidad y las imperfecciones de Simón, y él lo quiere con él de todos modos. Nada que Simón ha hecho o dicho lo separará de la presencia de Dios, la misericordia de Dios o la misión de Dios en el mundo.

Como sabemos, Simón llega a ser llamado Cefas o Pedro (Juan 1:42), la roca en la que se construye la iglesia de Jesús. (Mateo 16:18) Y, aun así, niega a Jesús tres veces cuando Jesús es arrestado antes de su crucifixión. Pero a pesar de sus fallas y defectos, es amado por Dios  y tiene un lugar en la realización del reino de Dios.

Y esa es una buena noticia para todos nosotros:

Dios tiene un lugar para nosotros, un papel que desempeñar, un trabajo que solo nosotros podemos hacer, para avanzar el reino de Dios y compartir el amor de Dios con los que conocemos. 

Oremos.

Dios misericordioso,

Gracias por tu hijo Jesús que nos ve completamente

humanos pecaminosos, amados y perdonados;

Asegurarnos a cada uno de nosotros que pertenecemos al reino de Dios,

y ayudarnos a seguir a Jesús y lanzar la red del amor de Dios.

Oramos en el nombre de Jesús. Amén.

Luke 5:1-11

Let us pray…

May the words of my mouth and the meditations of our hearts be acceptable in your sight, Lord, our strength and our redeemer. Amen.

Maybe it’s because last weekend I sat with students learning Lutheran theology;

Or maybe it’s because I’ve been teaching about the psalms and questions about Luther’s “theology of the cross”, the abundance of God’s mercy and our response have been on my mind,

but this time when I read our gospel text,

Simon’s confession was what caught my attention.

“Go away from me Lord, for I am a sinful man!” (v. 8)

This wasn’t the first time Simon had met Jesus. Earlier, Jesus had been to his house and healed his mother-in-law. (Luke 4). But this encounter is different.

Jesus joins Simon on his boat and teaches the crowds who remain on the lakeshore, but then he addresses Simon directly. He tells him to let down his nets.

We hear the weariness and the reluctance in the fisherman’s response. He has been fishing all night without success. But Simon knows Jesus, calls him “Master” and trusts him, so he follows his instructions.

And quickly his nets are nearly full to breaking, so Simon calls to James and John, his partners, to help, and both boats begin to sink under the weight of the catch.

And Simon reacts immediately, with fear and awe.

With worship.

And with confession.

Why does Simon react now?

 

I think sometimes we can witness something and recognize its importance immediately. But, sometimes, it takes us a little longer. And, often, we need to hear or see something multiple times in various ways before we understand it fully.

Simon has witnessed Jesus’ power before, but here it isn’t something happening to someone else. Here Jesus is transforming Simon’s own life.

Amazement seizes the fishermen. Earlier in Luke, we heard bystanders who saw Jesus perform miracles ask, “What kind of word is this, that with authority and power he commands the unclean spirits, and they come out?” (4:36) and later they’ll ask, “Who then is this, that he commands even the winds and the water, and they obey him?” (8:25) Surely here they wondered, “What kind of Lord is this who can command the fish of the sea and the creatures of the deep?”

And then, Luke says that Simon fell to his knees. Kneeling or prostration before God has ancient roots. When we kneel, we honor the one standing before us. It is a posture of humility and submission, and, in worship, of confession and repentance.

And then we hear Simon’s words - his confession of sinfulness:

“Go away from me Lord, for I am a sinful man!” (v. 8)

We don’t know what response he expected, but it probably wasn’t the one Jesus offered.

Jesus doesn’t condemn Simon. He doesn’t cast him away from His presence. And Jesus doesn’t go away.

Just as Simon knows Jesus,

Jesus knows Simon.

Nothing has been hidden from Him. And He responds to the sinful man, saying,

“Do not be afraid; from now on you will catching people.” (5:10)

Jesu knows Simon’s sinfulness and imperfections, and He wants him with Him anyway. Nothing Simon has done or said will separate him from God’s presence, God’s mercy or God’s mission in the world.

As we know, Simon goes on to be called Cephas or Peter (John 1:42), the Rock on which Jesus’ church is built. (Matthew 16:18) And, even so, he goes on to deny Jesus three times when Jesus is arrested before his crucifixion. But despite his faults and shortcomings, he is loved by God and has a place in bringing about the Kingdom of God.

And that is Good News for us all:

God has a place for us, a role for us to play, work that only we can do, to further God’s kingdom and share God’s love with those we meet.

Let us pray:

Merciful God,

Thank you for your Son Jesus who sees us wholly,

sinful humans, loved and forgiven;

assure each of us of that we belong in God’s kingdom,

and help us to follow Jesus and cast wide the net of God’s love.

We pray in Jesus’ name.

Amen.